What the Northern Lights Mean, According to Indigenous Communities in North America

For many Indigenous communities in North America, the aurora borealis, or Northern Lights, are much more than a beautiful spectacle. Often viewed as spirits of ancestors, deceased loved ones, or even animal spirits, they represent a connection to the otherworld. Some beliefs suggest the lights are playful spirits that can be beckoned with whistles, while others see them as omens, requiring respect and quiet observation. These traditional beliefs reflect a deep reverence for nature.

Diverse Interpretations Across Cultures

The meanings attributed to the Northern Lights vary considerably between different Indigenous nations, reflecting their diverse histories, beliefs, and environments. What may be seen as a sign of spirits to one community could be a message about hunting or weather to another. It’s crucial to approach these interpretations with respect and acknowledge the unique knowledge systems of each individual culture.

Here are some examples, presented with sensitivity to the complexity and importance of these traditions:

Indigenous Community	Region	Meaning of the Northern Lights
Inuit (various groups)	Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland	Often seen as the spirits of deceased people, particularly children. Some believe whistling or talking loudly can attract the attention of these spirits, which can be dangerous. Stories tell of the lights being torches carried by spirits as they search for lost souls.
Cree	Canada (primarily)	The Northern Lights, known as "the dancers" (Cree: âskiyik wâpahcikân), are believed to be the spirits of ancestors dancing joyfully in the sky. They are seen as a sign of good fortune and a reminder of the enduring connection between the living and the dead. It is respectful to remain quiet and observe their dance.
Dene (various groups)	Northwestern Canada and Alaska	Some Dene communities interpret the Northern Lights as animal spirits or the souls of the departed. Others see them as a sign of impending weather changes. In some stories, they are considered mischievous spirits that can be dangerous if provoked. Respectful silence is generally advised.
Yupik	Southwestern Alaska	The Yupik people often view the aurora borealis as the spirits of animals, especially seals, walruses, salmon, and deer. These spirits are seen as interacting in the sky, and the intensity and movement of the lights can signify the abundance or scarcity of these resources in the coming season, influencing hunting and fishing practices.
Ojibwe (Anishinaabe)	Great Lakes region of North America	The Ojibwe have diverse interpretations, but one common belief is that the aurora represents the spirits of ancestors who are watching over the living. They are seen as guides and protectors, reminding people to live a good life and maintain their connection to the natural world. Some stories associate the lights with fire and transformation.

Respect and Cultural Sensitivity

It's vital to remember that these are just snippets of much larger, more complex belief systems. These stories are often intertwined with specific rituals, songs, and oral traditions that cannot be fully conveyed in a simple summary. Outsiders should approach these cultural interpretations with deep respect and avoid appropriating or misrepresenting them.

When observing the Northern Lights, consider the historical and cultural significance they hold for the Indigenous people of the region. Refrain from loud noises or disruptive behavior that could be interpreted as disrespectful. Learning about the local Indigenous cultures and their perspectives on the aurora can enrich your experience and deepen your appreciation for this awe-inspiring natural phenomenon.

Beyond Scientific Explanation

While science provides an explanation for the physical processes behind the aurora borealis, the Indigenous perspectives offer a complementary understanding that speaks to the spiritual, emotional, and cultural significance of this celestial display. They remind us that the natural world is not simply a collection of physical phenomena but is also a source of profound meaning, connection, and wisdom.

Understanding these diverse interpretations allows us to move beyond a purely scientific appreciation of the Northern Lights and embrace a more holistic and respectful understanding of the natural world and the cultures that have lived in harmony with it for millennia. By learning about the traditions and beliefs of the Indigenous peoples of North America, we can gain a deeper connection to the aurora and its profound significance.